Plant Protection,
Vegetables 25 Summer basil without Bemisia tabaci Zohar Research Station 2009/10
תחום או ענף הגה"צ; ירקות; תבלינים
תאריך עדכון 1/10/2011
Summer basil without Bemisia tabaci – Zohar Research Station 2009/10
Murad Ghanim – Institute of Plant Protection, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization
Dafna Harari, Ami Maduel, Danit Parker, Uri Zairi – Central and Northern Arava R & D
David Silverman, Svetlana Dobrinin – Extension Service, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
Iris Ben-David – Ein Tamar
Email for correspondence: ghanim@volcani.agri.gov.il
The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a cosmopolitan pest with many hosts; it can develop on hundreds of plant species. This whitefly transmits viruses that cause damage in a number of crops. In herb crops, the main problem is that this pest is a quarantine pest that is unwanted in the countries to which these crops are generally exported. In herb crops such as basil, the damage caused by this pest is particularly serious because the whitefly is based in the parts of the plants that are not harvested. In recent years, an increase in the appearance of this whitefly and a decrease in the efficacy of some of the control measures used against it have been reported. This change is due to selection pressure on the whitefly populations. Most of the sprays used put selective pressure on the subspecies Q, which is known to be associated with the development of resistance to many classes of chemicals.
The goal of the experiment that was carried out during the summer of 2010 was to evaluate different treatments, including greenhouse-type structures and sprays, in an effort to keep plants free of this whitefly for long periods of time. The experiment, which was carried out at the Yair Research Station in Sodom Valley, included four treatments and three replicates of each treatment. Each replicate was a polyethylene tunnel covered with shade netting. The ventilation openings and double entranceway of each tunnel were covered with insect netting. All of the tunnels were connected to a hallway with 50-mesh netting that had a dark, double entranceway. Basil cv. Pri was transplanted on May 7, 2010. The treatments included an unsprayed control, preventative sprays and reactive sprays based on scouting every two weeks in tunnels covered with regular polyethylene and UV-blocking polyethylene.
Our scouting observations indicate that there is an advantage to using UV-blocking polyethylene and this advantage was clear in the reactive treatments with and without UV-blocking polyethylene. The preventative treatment was effective in that it kept the pest populations low and this type of treatment is preferred over a reactive treatment, in which the crop is treated after the first pests have been discovered. It appears that the initial resistance status of the populations that enter the building determines the level of the populations that will develop because, in this case when resistant populations are present, the efficacy of the spray treatments is doubtful. If the population that enters the building is made up of subspecies Q, we need to test for resistance if we want to only apply effective treatments. Otherwise, we may see the rapid development of populations that are not susceptible to spray treatments.
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the Chief Scientist’s Fund of the Ministry of Agriculture of funding this research program as part of the Herb Initiative. We would also like to thank the management of the Vegetable Division of the Plant Board and the Herb Growers Association for helping to fund this experiment. We thank herb growers Eran Wein and Yoram Ozeri from Ein Tamar and the AdaFresh Company for their cooperation and for storing and transporting the basil for the shelf-life evaluation.
שפה English
מלות מפתח resistance, plant protection, insecticide, management
מחבר Murad Ghanim, Dafna Harari, Ami Maduel, Danit Parker, Uri Zairi, David Silverman, Svetlana Dobrinin, Iris Ben-David
שנה 2010
שייכות yzvieli
תאריך יצירה 1/10/2011
תאריך עדכון 14/3/2012
